An Animal Cell Placed In A Hypotonic Solution Will Undergo Which Of The Following Effects?

Beast and constitute cells are both surounded by a membrane. This membrane is selectively permeable, which ways that some chemicals ( such equally h2o and oxygen) tin move freely across the membrane, whereas other chemicals ( frequently big ones like proteins and Dna ) are blocked by the membrane.

The inside of a cell is mainly water, and in any liquid or gas the molecules are moving around at random. This bouncing around means that molecules tend to spread out ( a unproblematic case of this is the aroma of perfume spreading beyond a room).

Diffusion means this gradual spreading out of molecules from areas of high concentration ( the perfume canteen) to areas of lower concentration ( the room ). Some other example of diffusion is ink gradually diffusing through a glass of water. The charge per unit of diffusion depends on temperature: as the temperature increases, diffusion speeds up ( ink spreads quicker through hot h2o than common cold h2o ).

Some chemicals, peculiarly ones with electric charge such as sodium ions (Na⁺) or chloride ions (Cl^-), cannot lengthened through the membrane. Instead they move through protein channels ( similar little holes in the membrane). This is called facilitated diffusion. Just like regular diffusion, no external energy is required for this.

Osmosis is the diffusion of h2o through a membrane. The water always moves from a high concentration to a lower concentration. Information technology is very important in your body, considering information technology controls the amount of h2o in your cells. For example, if you drink h2o, the water moves from the breadbasket to the claret, and finally the cells, by osmosis. Obviously y'all end drinking when you are no longer thirsty, just animals are not e'er and so lucky.
Some agronomical fairs have competitions for, say, the heaviest pig, and occasionally people who are desperate to win volition have their pig and, correct before the weighing, put a hose downwardly its throat and fill its stomach with gallons of water to make the pig weigh more. This causes a blitz of h2o by osmosis into the blood of the unfortunate animal, which is extremely painful, and can even kill the pig.

Interestingly this technique of force feeding water to people was one type of torture used in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Inquisition, and also reputedly by the Dutch ( the Dutch tourist board claims that Holland is now a very civilized nation, and tourists are unlikely to be treated in this fashion ).
Although forcing people to potable too much water is no longer common, in that location are cases where athletes beverage too much water, and plummet or fifty-fifty die. Yes, that'southward right, as well much h2o can kill you!. But don't take my word for it, read this article from the New York Times:
When excess water can kill a runner.

Coming back to osmosis, there are three bones types of solution:

Isotonic solutions have the aforementioned water concentration on both sides of the prison cell membrane. Claret is isotonic.

Hypertonic solutions accept less h2o ( and more solute such every bit salt or sugar ) than a cell. Seawater is hypertonic. If you place an creature or a plant cell in a hypertonic solution, the cell shrinks, because information technology loses water ( water moves from a higher concentration inside the cell to a lower concentration outside ). And then if you go thirsty at the beach drinking seawater makes you even more dehydrated.

Hypotonic solutions have more water than a prison cell. Tapwater and pure water are hypotonic. A unmarried animal prison cell ( like a red blood jail cell) placed in a hypotonic solution will fill up up with water and then burst. This is why putting water on a bloodstained piece of clothing makes the stain worse. Plant cells take a cell wall around the exterior than stops them from bursting, so a establish prison cell will swell up in a hypotonic solution, but volition not burst.

Source: https://web.fscj.edu/David.Byres/membrane1.html

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